• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A machine and a method of processing a surface of a piece of wood or wood derived are described, to obtain a surface with low-relief portions to provide a rough or rustic finishing effect, in which the piece, preferably as it advances on a horizontal transport plane with a feeding motion, it is worked by a gouging unit that rotates with a horizontal rotation axis and that carries one or more cutters that remove material leaving a surface with the bas-relief portions, a surface that is then worked by one or more sanding units, having abrasive flexible blades, while the piece continues to advance on the conveyor plane.
    公开号:CH711763A2
    申请号:CH01465/16
    申请日:2016-11-03
    公开日:2017-05-15
    发明作者:Bello Fabrizio；Ferrari Adriano
    申请人:Scm Group Spa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Background of the invention [0001] The invention concerns a machine and a processing method, in particular for pieces in wood or material derived from wood, to obtain a not perfectly flat machined surface, but with reliefs and / or depressions, according to regular designs, or in an irregular and random way, for example to provide the impression of a handmade process and / or with a rough and / or rustic finish effect.
    [0002] Specifically, but not exclusively, the invention can be usefully employed to work pieces in wood or in material similar to wood or wood derived, for example in a medium-density fiber board (MDF), such as, in particular , parquet elements, beam elements, boards, beads, etc.
    [0003] In particular, reference is made to a processing of the passing type, in which a piece, while advancing with a (continuous) feeding motion, is processed by at least one work group, in this case to obtain a surface that is not perfectly flat and provided with more or less differently inclined areas and / or bas-relief parts, according to a repeated pattern or according to a random configuration.
    Summary of the invention [0004] One aim of the invention is to provide a machine for processing pieces in wood or material derived from wood, capable of forming a surface that is not perfectly flat and suitably polished.
    [0005] One aim of the invention is to provide a method for processing pieces in wood or material derived from wood, capable of forming a surface that is not perfectly flat and suitably polished.
    [0006] An advantage is to allow, in an easy and rapid manner, the production of pieces with smooth bas-relief surfaces.
    [0007] An advantage is that of processing a flat rough surface in order to obtain a not perfectly flat finished surface, provided in particular with bas-relief drawings, arranged in a regular or random manner, of aesthetically pleasing appearance.
    [0008] An advantage is to obtain, in a simple and immediate manner, surfaces worked with a rough, rustic or manual processing effect.
    [0009] An advantage is to ensure, in a reliable and repeatable manner, a particularly aesthetically pleasing surface finishing effect.
    [0010] An advantage is to provide a processing machine, in particular for pieces made of wood or wood-derived, constructionally simple and economical.
    [0011] These objects and advantages and others besides are all achieved by a machine and a processing method according to one or more of the claims below.
    [0012] In one example, a processing machine is configured to work a piece of wood or material similar to wood, for example a material derived from wood (MDF), having a flat rough surface which is worked to obtain a finished surface with parts in bas-relief with a rough or rustic finishing effect, in which the machine includes a transport plane on which the workpiece advances with a feeding motion and a work group that carries one or more cutting elements that remove material from the flat surface leaving a low-relief design on the surface itself, the machine comprising, downstream of the working group, one or more sanding units with flexible abrasive bodies equipped with a working motion.
    [0013] In one example, the working group comprises a gouging assembly, suitable for realizing a planed surface which is not perfectly flat in imitation of a finishing effect of a manual planing, comprising a rotating element which carries one or more cutting elements, first motor means for supplying the rotating element with a first motion which varies the cutting depth, second motor means for supplying the rotating element with a second lateral movement transversal to the feeding motion of the piece, and electronic control means programmed to operate the first and the second drive means while the transport plane feeds the piece to the degreasing unit.
    Brief description of the drawings [0014] The invention can be better understood and implemented with reference to the enclosed drawings which illustrate a non-limiting example of its implementation.
    Fig. 1 is a vertical elevation diagram of a first example of a processing machine according to the invention.
    Fig. 2 is a side view from the right of fig. 1.
    Fig. 3 is a side elevation view of the first example of a processing machine according to the diagram of Fig. 1.
    The fig. 4 to 14 are side elevation views of eleven different examples of processing machines according to the invention.
    Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a sieve assembly usable in a processing machine according to the invention.
    Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section of the cylindrical gouging element of the degreasing unit of fig. 15.
    Fig. 17 is a cross section of the cylinder of fig. 16.
    Fig. 18 is a front view in vertical elevation of a band saw group usable in a processing machine according to the invention.
    Fig. 19 is a perspective view of a portion including the saw blade of the band saw assembly of FIG. 18.
    Fig. 20 is section XX-XX of fig. 18.
    Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the brushing cylinder of a honing unit usable in a processing machine according to the invention.
    Fig. 22 is a side view of the brushing cylinder of fig. 21.
    Fig. 23 is a side view from the left of fig. 22.
    Fig. 24 is a vertical elevation view of a polishing unit with rotating discs usable in a processing machine according to the invention.
    Fig. 25 is a side view from the left of fig. 24.
    Fig. 26 is a perspective view of a brush disk that can be used in the polishing unit with rotating disks of Fig. 24th.
    Fig. 27 shows the brush disk of fig. 26 in another perspective.
    Fig. 28 is a plan view from above of the brush disk of fig. 26.
    Fig. 29 is the XXIX-XXIX section of fig. 28.
    Detailed description [0015] With reference to the aforementioned figures (in which similar elements belonging to different embodiments have been indicated, for simplicity, with the same numbering), a machine for processing pieces in wood or in material similar to wood (in particular a material derived from wood, such as MDF).
    [0016] The processing machine 1 can comprise, in particular, a transport plane 2 arranged to supply a workpiece P with a feeding motion X. The transport plane 2 can be, as in these examples, horizontal. The transport plane 2 serves, in particular, to supply a workpiece P with a feeding motion X (in a horizontal direction). The transport plane 2 can comprise, as in this example, at least one flexible element (belt or belt) of endless transport wound on pulleys.
    [0017] The processing machine 1 can comprise, in particular, at least one work group comprising one or more cutting elements arranged to remove material from a (flat) surface of the piece P while the piece itself advances with the aforesaid feeding motion X , so that the surface after processing is not perfectly flat and provided with bas-relief drawings, or in any case provided with reliefs and / or depressions arranged also in a random manner, to obtain an effect similar to a manual, rustic or rough working. The working group can comprise, in particular, at least one gouging assembly 3. The work group can comprise, in particular, at least one band saw group 4.
    [0018] The processing machine 1 can comprise, in particular, at least one polishing group arranged downstream of at least one work group. The polishing assembly can comprise, in particular, a plurality of flexible abrasive bodies 5 arranged to smooth the surface after it has been machined by the working group, while the piece P advances with the feeding movement X.
    [0019] The sanding unit can comprise, for example, at least one cylinder-type brushing unit 6. The sanding unit can comprise, for example, at least one disk-brushing unit 7.
    [0020] The flexible abrasive bodies 5 can comprise, in particular, strips and / or strips and / or strips of flexible material (for example paper or other cellulose-based material), coated with abrasive material (suitable for wood or derivatives of the wood) and carried by at least one rotating member (cylinder or disk). The flexible abrasive bodies 5 can comprise, for example, abrasive paper strips (glazed).
    [0021] The flexible abrasive bodies 5 may comprise, in other examples not shown, elongated elements (for example thread-like or ribbon-like) in metal (steel) or in plastic. The flexible abrasive bodies 5 can comprise, in particular, bodies in the form of elongated elements (wires, sheets, strips, strips, strips, filaments, etc.).
    [0022] The processing machines 1 shown in Figures 3 to 14 comprise different combinations of working groups and polishing units.
    [0023] The machine 1 of fig. 3 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a cylinder-type brushing unit 6.
    [0024] The machine 1 of fig. 4 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7.
    [0025] The machine 1 of fig. 5 comprises a band saw unit 4 followed by a cylinder-type brushing unit 6.
    [0026] The machine 1 of fig. 6 comprises a band saw group 4 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7.
    [0027] The machine 1 of fig. 7 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a cylinder-type brushing unit 6 in turn followed by a band-saw unit 4.
    [0028] The machine 1 of fig. 8 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a band saw unit 4 in turn followed by a cylinder brushing unit 6.
    [0029] The machine 1 of fig. 9 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a band saw group 4 in turn followed by a disk-brushing unit 7.
    [0030] The machine 1 of fig. 10 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7 in turn followed by a band-saw unit 4.
    [0031] The machine of fig. 11 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7 in turn followed by a cylinder-type brushing unit 6 in turn followed by another cylinder-type brushing unit 6.
    [0032] The machine 1 of fig. 12 comprises a band saw unit 4 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7 in turn followed by a cylinder-type brushing unit 6 in turn followed by another cylinder-type brushing unit 6.
    [0033] The machine 1 of fig. 13 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a band saw unit 4 in turn followed by a disk brushing unit 7 in turn followed by a cylinder brushing unit 6 in turn followed by another cylinder brushing unit 6.
    [0034] The machine 1 of fig. 14 comprises a gouging assembly 3 followed by a disk-brushing unit 7 in turn followed by a cylinder-brushing unit 6 in turn followed by another cylinder-type brushing unit 6 in turn followed by a band-saw unit 4.
    [0035] It is possible to provide processing machines comprising other combinations of working groups and polishing units, in which at least one work group (with at least one cutting element) is followed by at least one polishing group.
    [0036] With reference to figures 15 to 17, the gouging assembly 3 is described in greater detail, which may comprise, in particular, a gouging element 8 (cylindrical) which can rotate about an axis of rotation R transverse to the motion supply X and which carries one or more cutting elements (cutters 9) arranged next to each other in the direction of the rotation axis R.
    [0037] The gouging assembly 3 can comprise, in particular, first motor means 10 arranged to provide the gouging element 8 with a cutter head with a first motion Z which varies the cutting depth on the surface of the piece.
    [0038] The gouging assembly 3 can comprise, in particular, second motor means 11 arranged to provide the gouging element 8 with a milling door with a second motion Y transverse to the first motion Z and to the feeding motion X and with at least one parallel component to the transport plan 2.
    [0039] The gouging assembly 3 can comprise, in particular, programmable electronic control means configured to operate the first motor means 10 and / or the second motor means 11 while the conveying plane 2 feeds the piece P to the gouging group 3 and the piece P is processed by the group 3 itself so as to obtain a non-flat machined surface. The first motor means 10 can comprise, for example, an electric motor, in particular a brushless motor. The second motor means 11 can comprise, for example, an electric motor, in particular a brushless motor.
    [0040] As mentioned, the gouging assembly 3 can comprise a gouging element 8 rotating around an axis of rotation R (horizontal). The transport plane 2 can be parallel to the aforementioned axis of rotation R of the degreasing element. The direction of the feeding movement X can be, as in this example, transverse (perpendicular) to the rotation axis R. The feeding movement X causes the piece P to move forward in front of the scraper group 3 for the gouging processing (planing with rough effect).
    [0041] The cutting elements (cutters 9) of the gouging element can be supported, in particular, by a support shaft 15. The shaft 15 can be rotated by a motor 16 (for example by means of a belt transmission ). When the piece P passes in front of the gouging assembly 3, the cutting elements (cutters 9) remove material from a surface (upper plane) of the piece P.
    [0042] The support shaft 15 and the cutters 9 form, as a whole, a scourer cylinder (or milling cylinder or planer) which extends axially in the direction of the width of the piece P which advances in the feeding direction X, where by piece width means the piece size in one direction (horizontal, second motion Y) normal to the feeding motion X (horizontal) and normal to a direction (vertical, or first motion Z) of the piece thickness P.
    [0043] The gouging element 8 can be susceptible, as in this example, to a first motion Z (vertical movement of the scraper cylinder) adapted to vary the cutting depth on the surface of the workpiece P. The first motion Z (normal to transport plane 2) can allow, for example, to vary the cutting depth from a minimum of 0 mm to a maximum of 2 mm, for example with an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
    [0044] The gouging element 8 can be susceptible, as in this example, to perform a second motion Y (lateral motion of the scourer cylinder) transversal to the first motion Z and to the feeding motion X of the piece P. The second motion Y (parallel to the rotation axis R of the descaler cylinder) it can have at least one motion component parallel to the width of the piece P advancing on the conveyance plane 2. The second motion Y can allow, for example, a maximum stroke of 60 mm in the width of the piece, for example with an accuracy of 1 mm.
    [0045] The first motion Z can comprise, as in this example, an oscillation (vertical) on first guiding means (with linear sliding). In the specific example, the first guide means comprise linear guides coupled with shoes. The first motor means 10 are arranged to actuate the oscillation of the scraper cylinder on the first guide means. It is possible, as in this example, that the actuation of the first motion of the gouging element 8 by the first motor means 10 occurs with the interposition of transmission means of the worm screw motion.
    [0046] The second motion Y can comprise, as in this example, an oscillation on second guiding means (linear sliding). In the specific example, the second guide means comprise linear guides coupled with shoes. The second motor means 11 are arranged to actuate the oscillation of the gouging element 8 on the second guiding means. It is possible, as in this example, that the actuation of the second motion of the gouging element 8 by the second motor means 11 occurs with the interposition of transmission means of the worm screw motion.
    [0047] In this example, the gouging element 8 (including the support means supporting the shaft and the rotation of the cylinder), the motor 16, the belt transmission and the linear guides of the second guide means belong to a a slide assembly which is movable (according to Y motion) with respect to a guide beam assembly which may comprise, as in this example, the first drive means 10, the worm screw drive transmission means, the first guide means (guides linear and skids), the second motor means the shoes of the second guide means. The second motor means 11 can be connected to the slide assembly by means of the aforementioned worm screw drive motion means which can in turn be connected to the slide assembly by support means integral with the slide assembly. The guide beam assembly can comprise support means slidably coupled to the slide assembly (via the second guide means) and movable (first motion Z) on drive of the worm screw drive transmission means. The guide beam assembly can be mounted on a fixed structure (portal).
    [0048] The gouge group 3 (in particular the gouging element 8 with the cutters 9) is moved (in the sense of the depth of the piece and / or in the direction of the width of the piece) during the working (planing) of the piece to removal of material, so as to vary the finishing effect of the surface of the piece.
    [0049] The gouging assembly 3 can be made in such a way that some or all of the cutting elements (cutters 9) of the group are of different shapes, that is, in such a way that their cutting profiles (generally curvilinear) are not all equal to each other . The cutting elements (cutters 9) of the gouging assembly 3 can be (all or in part) interchangeable with each other and can be placed in different axial positions to obtain different overall cutting profiles.
    [0050] It is envisaged, in particular, that at least one cutting element (mill 9) of the gouging assembly 3 be replaced with a cutting element having a cutting profile with different nominal geometrical characteristics, so as to modify the overall nominal cutting profile of the gouging group 3 and thus obtain a different finishing effect on the worked surface.
    [0051] It is thus possible to modify the finishing effect obtainable on the machined pieces by varying the cutting depth of the gouging assembly 3, in which this variation in depth can be achieved (even in a random manner) during the passage of the piece P in front of the gouging group 3; or by varying the lateral position (in the direction of the width of the piece P) of the gouging assembly 3, in which this variation of the lateral position can be realized (also in a random manner) during the passage of the piece P in front of the gouging group 3; or by varying the overall cutting profile of the gouging assembly 3 by replacing cutting elements (cutters 9) with different cutting profiles and thus obtaining a different combination of cutting elements on the work group.
    [0052] With reference to figures 18 to 20, the band-saw assembly 4 is illustrated in greater detail, which can comprise, in particular, at least one saw blade 12 slidable, inclined (for example of an angle including
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. Machine for processing pieces in wood or material derived from wood, said machine comprising: - a conveyor plane (2) arranged to supply a piece (P) with a feeding motion (X); - at least one work group (3; 4) having one or more cutting elements (9; 12) arranged to remove material from a surface of the piece while the piece advances with said feeding motion (X) and configured so that the surface worked it is provided with reliefs and / or depressions to obtain an effect similar to a manual work, rustic or raw; - at least one polishing assembly (6; 7) having a plurality of flexible abrasive bodies (5, 5a, 5b) arranged to smooth the surface, after it has been worked by said at least one work group (3; 4), while the piece (P) advances with said feeding motion (X).
    [2]
    2. Machine according to claim 1, wherein said at least one work group comprises a gouging assembly (3) which can rotate around an axis of rotation (R) transversal to said feeding motion (X) and which carries several cutters (9) arranged side by side in the direction of said axis of rotation (R).
    [3]
    3. Machine according to claim 2, comprising first motor means (10) for providing said gouging assembly (3) with a first motion (Z) which varies the cutting depth on the surface of the piece (P).
    [4]
    4. Machine according to claim 2 or 3, comprising second motor means (11) for supplying to said gouging group (3) a second motion (Y) transversal to said feeding motion (X) and having at least one component parallel to said transport plan (2).
    [5]
    5. Machine according to claim 3 or 4, comprising programmable electronic control means configured to operate said first motor means (10) and / or said second motor means (11) while said conveying plane (2) feeds the piece (P) to said gouging group (3).
    [6]
    6. Machine according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said at least one work group comprises a band saw group (4) with blade (12) disposed inclined with respect to said transport plane (2), in particular to obtain a surface worked in sawtooth.
    [7]
    7. Machine according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said flexible abrasive bodies (5) comprise strips and / or strips and / or strips covered with abrasive material and carried by at least one rotating member (13; 14).
    [8]
    8. Machine according to any one of the previous claims, wherein said at least one polishing unit (6) comprises at least one rotating member (13) with an axis of rotation parallel to said transport plane (2).
    [9]
    9. Machine according to any of the previous claims, wherein said at least one polishing unit (7) comprises at least one rotating member (14) with axis of rotation transversal to said transport plane (2).
    [10]
    10. Processing method comprising the steps of: - supplying a piece (P) made of wood, or material derived from wood, with a feeding motion (X) on a conveyor plane (2); - remove material from a surface of the piece by one or more cutting elements (9; 12) while the piece (P) advances with said feeding motion (X) so that said surface, after said material removal, is provided with reliefs and / or depressions to obtain an effect similar to a manual, rustic or raw process; - after said step of removing material, smoothing said surface by means of abrasive bodies (5, 5a, 5b) flexible with a working motion while said piece (P) continues to advance with said feeding motion (X).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016013167A1|2017-05-11|
    ITUB20154951A1|2017-05-06|
    CH711763B1|2021-03-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN108927858A|2018-07-09|2018-12-04|睢宁县永华木业有限公司|A kind of fiberboard edge strip cutting mechanism|US3616826A|1970-05-06|1971-11-02|Us Plywood Champ Papers Inc|Control means for cutting flat surfaces|
    AT382551B|1983-08-04|1987-03-10|Pfohl Hans|DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHOPPED SURFACES, IN PARTICULAR WORKPIECES EXISTING FROM WOOD|
    US4712596A|1987-02-05|1987-12-15|Mcclaran Tom|Lumber surfacing machine|
    DE3825340A1|1988-03-09|1989-09-28|Koch Hubert Josef|DEVICE FOR MILLING SURFACE STRUCTURES IN WOODEN BOARDS|
    DE19621973A1|1996-05-31|1997-12-04|Hans Hundegger|Device for machining of workpieces, especially wooden beams e.t.c.|
    US20110027501A1|2009-07-29|2011-02-03|Jenwei Guo|Artificial antique architectural wood substrate|EP3831531A1|2019-12-02|2021-06-09|SCM Group S.p.A.|Working machine for wooden pieces and the like, provided with a working simulation program, and operating method thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ITUB2015A004951A|ITUB20154951A1|2015-11-06|2015-11-06|Machine and Processing Method for Wood|
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